![]() ![]() Now the new dig offers the first clear alternative. Over the centuries, some scholars have bent over backward to rationalize such anomalies, while others have voiced suspicions that the date must be incorrect. One of the central mysteries of that fateful day, long accepted as August 24, has been the incongruity of certain finds, including corpses in cool-weather clothing. So far, the most explosive information to come out of this new excavation-one that will prompt textbooks to be rewritten and scholars to re-evaluate their dates-has no material value whatsoever. Even during the 1950s, the artifacts that researchers and others found were deemed more significant than the evidence of everyday life in the year 79. Almost as soon as the clouds of choking volcanic dust had settled, tunneling plunderers-or returning homeowners-grabbed whatever treasures they could. But until now Pompeii has never been subjected to fully scientific excavation techniques. That’s a surprisingly rich cache for what is arguably the most famous archaeological site in the world. Part of the “Grande Progetto Pompei,” or Great Pompeii Project, the $140 million conservation and restoration program launched in 2012 and largely underwritten by the European Union, the Regio V dig has already yielded skeletons, coins, a wooden bed, a stable harboring the remains of a thoroughbred horse (bronze-plated wooden horns on the saddle iron harness with small bronze studs), gorgeously preserved frescoes, murals and mosaics of mythological figures, and other dazzling examples of ancient Roman artistry. One-third of Pompeii's 170 acres remain buried and not studied by modern researchers. Still off-limits, Regio V will someday be opened to visitors. Now, like nearly all the other scents of Rome’s classical era, the once pungent garum is virtually odorless. The alleyway turned out to be lined with grand houses, some with intact balconies, some with amphorae-the terra-cotta containers used to hold wine, oil and garum, a sauce made from fermented fish intestines. Archaeologists discovered and unearthed the Vicolo dei Balconi only last year, in a part of the site called Regio V, which is not yet open to the public. 79, when Mount Vesuvius rumbled to life after being dormant for nearly 300 years, the alley was entombed and its balconies largely incinerated in the cascades of scorching ash and superheated toxic gases known as pyroclastic surges that brought instant death to the residents of Pompeii. Vesuvius engulfed Pompeii, Pliny the Younger recalled, in darkness that was "as if the light has gone out of a room that is locked and sealed." ![]() This article is a selection from the September 2019 issue of Smithsonian magazine Buy Subscribe to Smithsonian magazine now for just $12 ![]()
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